{"id":487,"date":"2021-11-30T10:45:31","date_gmt":"2021-11-30T10:45:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/?page_id=487"},"modified":"2021-11-30T10:45:31","modified_gmt":"2021-11-30T10:45:31","slug":"background","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/lidar-surveys\/background\/","title":{"rendered":"Background"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

The work carried out in the forest was based on barely visible changes in the forest floor that were revealed using detailed LiDAR surveys. The first was carried out by Gloucestershire County Council and Forestry Commission in 2012.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\n\t\t731010<\/span>\n\t\t67KT5VVJ<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n <\/span>\n items<\/span>\n\t\t1<\/span>\n\t\tharvard1<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\tdefault<\/span>\n\t\tasc<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n <\/span>\n\t\thttps:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/wp-content\/plugins\/zotpress\/<\/span>\n\n\t\t
\n
\n
Gloucestershire County Council and Forestry Commission (2012) “Forest of Dean Archaeological Survey: LiDAR Survey.” Archaeology Data Service. Available at: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.5284\/1012711<\/a> (Accessed: February 27, 2016).<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n

What is LiDAR?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

LiDAR stands for Li<\/strong>ght D<\/strong>etection A<\/strong>nd R<\/strong>anging<\/em> and is a technique that is a remote sensing method using light in the form of a pulsed laser to measure ranges (variable distances) to the Earth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\n
\"LiDAR\"\/
<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n

The use of LiDAR in forestry surveying is explained nicely in a Journal of Forestry<\/em> article entitled “Lidar Remote Sensing for Forestry<\/strong>” <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

How does LiDAR work?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Laser pulses are emitted from a device attached to a vehicle such as a plane. The laser pulses create a topographic map similar to how a bat uses echolocation. The light\u00a0shot down from the plane\u00a0bounces off objects below (leaves, branches, trees, rocks, etc.), returning to hit a detector on the bottom of the plane. The device then calculates where the object is using satelites to help work out the height of the emitter from the ground, the height of the receiver from the ground, and the time it took to receive the reflected pulse – which gives the distance from the emitter – and the precise location of the object.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As the pulse hits a leaf, flower or branch, the time taken will be less than if it hit the ground and so as the survey progresses in a grid across an area and back again, it is able to establish what is most likely to be solid (like the ground or a structure) and ignores the rest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
LiDAR used to reveal lost Miyan cities <\/span><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

\n

\r\n\t\t{731010:EKQ8VPE2};{731010:G5M8UULE};{731010:GMKY9B9E}<\/span>\r\n\t\tharvard1<\/span>\r\n\t\tdefault<\/span>\r\n\t\tasc<\/span>\r\n\t\tno<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t<\/span>\r\n\t\t487<\/span>
\n
\n
Chen, S. (2020) “Laser-Carrying Airplanes Uncover Massive, Sprawling Maya Cities,” Wired<\/i>. Available at: https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/laser-carrying-airplanes-uncover-massive-sprawling-maya-cities\/<\/a> (Accessed: December 10, 2021).<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>
\n
Dubayah, R.O. and Drake, J.B. (2000) “Lidar Remote Sensing for Forestry,” Journal of Forestry<\/i>, 98(6), pp. 44–46. Available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jof\/98.6.44<\/a>.<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>
\n
Woodford, C. (2021) LIDAR: a simple introduction<\/i>, Explain that Stuff<\/i>. Available at: http:\/\/www.explainthatstuff.com\/lidar.html<\/a> (Accessed: November 30, 2021).<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The work carried out in the forest was based on barely visible changes in the forest floor that were revealed using detailed LiDAR surveys. The first was carried out by Gloucestershire County Council and Forestry Commission in 2012. What is LiDAR? LiDAR stands for Light Detection And Ranging and is a technique that is a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":489,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"spay_email":""},"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":489,"url":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/lidar-surveys\/","url_meta":{"origin":487,"position":0},"title":"LiDAR surveys","date":"30 November 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"The sites that the volunteers excavated were identified by aerial LiDAR surveys. This page explains a little about how LiDAR works and provides information for reports such as The Forest of Dean archaeological_survey_stage_1 . We also look at the work that Jon Hoyle did in identifying 1700 new sites around\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":493,"url":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/lidar-surveys\/see-the-lidar\/","url_meta":{"origin":487,"position":1},"title":"See the LiDAR","date":"30 November 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Coming soon ...","rel":"","context":"Similar post","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":299,"url":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/lidar-surveys\/survey-results\/","url_meta":{"origin":487,"position":2},"title":"Survey results","date":"4 October 2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Coming soon...","rel":"","context":"Similar post","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":336,"url":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/excavations\/","url_meta":{"origin":487,"position":3},"title":"Excavations","date":"4 May 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Over the period of the project, we worked with our volunteer groups to excavate a number of sites based on the features revealed from the LiDAR survey and our survey. Below is a map of the Forest showing where the excavations took place.","rel":"","context":"Similar post","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":129,"url":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/internal\/ground-proofing\/","url_meta":{"origin":487,"position":4},"title":"Ground proofing","date":"16 October 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"A test project for the Forest of Dean - site proofing Gloucestershire County Council Forestry Commission carried out a detailed LiDAR Survey of the Forest of Dean in 2012 .\u00a0 This enabled the Worcestershire County Council's project to go ahead with the ground-proofing aspect of the project. This \"ground-proofing\" project\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":132,"url":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/the-foresters-forest\/","url_meta":{"origin":487,"position":5},"title":"About the Foresters’ Forest","date":"16 October 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"The Foresters' Forest project The Foresters\u2019 Forest Programme was a National Lottery Heritage Fund Landscape Partnership programme, formed from an association of partner organisations and local community groups within the Forest of Dean. It ran from 2016-22 with the aim to raise awareness and participation in the built, natural and\u2026","rel":"","context":"Similar post","img":{"alt_text":"Forest of Dean Archaeology project","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/The-Forest-of-Dean-archaeology-project.png?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/487"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=487"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/487\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/489"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.deanarchaeology.org.uk\/buriedheritage\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=487"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}